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DROWNING IN DRAINAGE - Survival Guide to Drains and Tubes
by Dr Quan Ngo, Dr Vincent Lam, Professor Stephen Dean

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7
A FEW THINGS OF NOTE 11
CONTENTS 13
1. How it all began 17
2. Why use them? 25
3. How do they work? 29
4. Rules of thumb 35
5. Prevention versus treatment? 39
6. What do I drain? 43
7. What are they made of? 49
8. Which is which? 55
 

Open vs closed

 

Suction vs passive

 

Sump-suction vs closed suction

9. Shopping for drains 61
10. What can go wrong? 65
11. Surviving with drains 71
  Some questions to ask yourself  
 

A systematic approach to drains

 

Trouble-shooting

 

i. Blocked drain

 

ii. Leaking drain

 

iii. Loose drain

  iv. Drain retraction  
 

v. Drain falling out

 

vi. Broken drain/tubing

 

vii. Inflamed exit site

 

viii. Atypical drainage fluid

 

ix. High drainage output

 

x. Vacuum failure

12. Open drains 85
  Corrugated  
  Penrose  

Yeates  
13. Closed drains 91
  Closed passive drains  
 

Radiologically guided percutaneous drains

 

Urinary catheter

 

Intercostal catheter

 

Closed suction drains

 

Bellovac®

 

Blake®

 

Exudrain®

 

Hemovac®

Jackson Pratt®

14. Sump-suction drains

107
  Axiom® sump  
 

Salem® sump

 

Sump drain care

 

Wall suction pressure setting

Trouble shooting sump drains

15. Cardiothoracic drains

115

 

Intercostal catheter

 

Pleural catheter

16. Gastrointestinal drains

131
  Nasogastric tubes  
 

Fine bore feeding tube

 

Ryle's® tube

 

Salem® sump tube

 

PEG feeding tube

 

Jejunostomy feeding tube

 

T-tube

Peritoneal catheter

17. Neurosurgical drains

145

External ventricular drain

18. Plastic Surgical Drains

151

V.A.C.® system

19. Urological drains

163
  Urethral catheter  
 

Foley's catheter

 

3-way catheter

 

Single lumen catheter

 

Suprapubic catheter

 

Foley's catheter

 

Bonanno® catheter

20. Removing them

175
 

READING LIST

181
   

INDEX

185